Go by Example: File Paths

The `filepath` package provides functions to parse and construct file paths in a way that is portable between operating systems; `dir/file` on Linux vs. `dir\file` on Windows, for example.	`package main`
	`import ( "fmt" "path/filepath" "strings" )`
	`func main() {`
`Join` should be used to construct paths in a portable way. It takes any number of arguments and constructs a hierarchical path from them.	`p := filepath.Join("dir1", "dir2", "filename") fmt.Println("p:", p)`
You should always use `Join` instead of concatenating `/`s or `\`s manually. In addition to providing portability, `Join` will also normalize paths by removing superfluous separators and directory changes.	`fmt.Println(filepath.Join("dir1//", "filename")) fmt.Println(filepath.Join("dir1/../dir1", "filename"))`
`Dir` and `Base` can be used to split a path to the directory and the file. Alternatively, `Split` will return both in the same call.	`fmt.Println("Dir(p):", filepath.Dir(p)) fmt.Println("Base(p):", filepath.Base(p))`
We can check whether a path is absolute.	`fmt.Println(filepath.IsAbs("dir/file")) fmt.Println(filepath.IsAbs("/dir/file"))`
	`filename := "config.json"`
Some file names have extensions following a dot. We can split the extension out of such names with `Ext`.	`ext := filepath.Ext(filename) fmt.Println(ext)`
To find the file’s name with the extension removed, use `strings.TrimSuffix`.	`fmt.Println(strings.TrimSuffix(filename, ext))`
`Rel` finds a relative path between a base and a target. It returns an error if the target cannot be made relative to base.	`rel, err := filepath.Rel("a/b", "a/b/t/file") if err != nil { panic(err) } fmt.Println(rel)`
	`rel, err = filepath.Rel("a/b", "a/c/t/file") if err != nil { panic(err) } fmt.Println(rel) }`

$ go run file-paths.go
p: dir1/dir2/filename
dir1/filename
dir1/filename
Dir(p): dir1/dir2
Base(p): filename
false
true
.json
config
t/file
../c/t/file

Next example: Directories.